Spastic and Athetoid cerebral palsy are two different forms of a complex neurological condition that affects movement and muscle control. If the Cerebral cortex of brain is effected then it is called Spastic and if the damage is to the Basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum then it is called Dyskinetic CP. Both Spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and Athetoid cerebral palsy are not progressive conditions, because the brain damage that causes it does not worsen over time. However, the physical symptoms and challenges associated with spastic CP can change and may worsen as the individual ages.
Difference Between Spastic Cerebral Palsy and Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy
Below is the difference between spastic cerebral palsy and dyskinetic cerebral palsy in tabular format:
| Feature | Spastic Cerebral Palsy | Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy |
| Prevalence | 70-80% of CP cases | 6-7% of CP cases |
| Muscle Tone | Increased (hypertonia) | Fluctuating (hypotonia and hypertonia) |
| Primary Symptoms | Stiff muscles, exaggerated reflexes | Involuntary, uncontrolled movements |
| Affected Brain Area | Motor cortex, pyramidal tracts | Basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum |
| Movement Patterns | Scissor gait, contractures | Athetosis, dystonia, chorea |
| Speech Difficulties | Possible, due to muscle stiffness | Common, due to involuntary facial muscle movements |
| Common Treatments | Physical therapy, medications, surgery | Medications, physical and speech therapy |
| Orthopedic Devices | Often used to aid mobility and posture | Less commonly used, focus on managing movements |
| Primary Goal of Therapy | Improve mobility and reduce stiffness | Control involuntary movements and improve coordination |
Browse Best Scrubs Collection
What is Spastic Cerebral Palsy?
This is the most common type of Cerebral Palsy (70 - 80%) that happens from injury to the brain's pyramidal tracts or motor cortex. This can occur before, during, or soon after birth.
Causes
Causes include:
- Prenatal factors: Genetic mutations, maternal infections, or exposure to toxins.
- Perinatal factors: Complications during labor and delivery, such as oxygen deprivation (hypoxia).
- Postnatal factors: Infections, traumatic brain injuries, or conditions like jaundice
Symptoms:
This condition includes symptoms Such as,
- Tremors
- Difficulty in coordinating movements
- Muscle tightness
- Joint deformities over time
Treatments:
Widely used treatment methods are;
- Physical therapy: Exercises that improve muscle strength, coordination, and movement.
- Speech therapy: Help with speech and communication skills.
- Medications: Muscle relaxants like baclofen or botulinum toxin (Botox) to reduce stiffness.
- Orthopedic surgery: Procedures to correct bone or joint deformities and improve mobility.
- Assistive devices: Braces, wheelchairs, or walkers to aid mobility.
What is Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy?
Dyskinetic cerebral palsy, also known as athetoid cerebral palsy, affects approximately 6-7% of CP cases. It is characterized by involuntary, uncontrolled movements due to fluctuating muscle tone.
Causes
Dyskinetic CP is caused by damage to the basal ganglia, thalamus, or cerebellum, which are regions of the brain responsible for coordinating movement and posture.
Symptoms
- Athetosis: Slow, writhing movements primarily in the hands, feet, arms, or legs.
- Dystonia: Twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures.
- Chorea: Rapid, jerky, and unpredictable movements.
- Difficulty with Speech: Involvement of facial muscles can affect speech clarity.
Treatment
- Medications: To control muscle movements, such as anticholinergics or muscle relaxants.
- Physical Therapy: To improve muscle coordination and reduce involuntary movements.
- Speech Therapy: To aid in communication abilities.
- Occupational Therapy: To assist in daily activities and improve fine motor skills.
Shop The Best Lab Coats From Here!
Key Differences and similarities
Differences:
- Spastic CP: Characterized by muscle stiffness (spasticity), hypertonia, exaggerated reflexes, and difficulty with voluntary movements.
- Dyskinetic CP: Characterized by involuntary, slow, writhing movements, fluctuating muscle tone, and coordination issues.
Similarities :
- Both are due to brain damage before, during, or shortly after birth.
- Both types require physical, occupational, and speech therapy.
- Assistive devices and medications are used to manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Prognosis
The prognosis for individuals with cerebral palsy varies widely depending on the type and severity of the condition. While cerebral palsy is a lifelong disorder, many individuals lead fulfilling lives with the appropriate support and interventions. Advances in medical and therapeutic techniques continue to improve the quality of life for those with cerebral Palsy.
|
Check out More Articles |
|